At Southdowns Pharmacy, we understand that choosing the right method of contraception is a personal decision that depends on your individual health needs and lifestyle. Oral contraception is one of the most popular and widely used methods due to its convenience and effectiveness. However, like any medical choice, it’s important to weigh up the pros and cons to make an informed decision. In this guide, we’ll explore the different types of oral contraception, discuss their benefits and drawbacks, and address some common concerns many individuals have.
What is Oral Contraception?
Oral contraception, commonly known as “the pill”, refers to medications taken by mouth to prevent pregnancy. There are two main types:
- Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP): This contains two hormones—oestrogen and progestogen. These hormones work together to prevent ovulation (the release of an egg) and make it difficult for sperm to reach an egg or for an egg to implant in the womb.
- Progestogen-Only Pill (POP): Also known as the "mini-pill", this contains only progestogen. It primarily works by thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg and, in some cases, suppressing ovulation.
Both types are highly effective when taken correctly but come with different benefits and potential downsides. Let’s look at the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Pros of Oral Contraception
1. Highly Effective
One of the major benefits of oral contraception is its effectiveness. When taken consistently and correctly, the pill is over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy. This makes it a reliable choice for those looking for a method with minimal room for error.
2. Ease of Use
Oral contraception is easy to use and does not require any procedures or devices. Once you have a prescription, it’s simply a matter of taking one pill a day at roughly the same time. For those with busy lifestyles, the pill offers a straightforward method of contraception that fits seamlessly into daily routines.
3. Regulates Menstrual Cycles
For individuals with irregular or heavy periods, the combined oral contraceptive pill can help regulate menstrual cycles, making them more predictable and lighter. This can be particularly beneficial for those who experience painful periods or heavy bleeding, as the pill can significantly reduce these symptoms.
4. Reduces Acne
Another advantage of the combined pill is its ability to improve skin conditions, particularly acne. The hormones in the pill can regulate sebum production, which often helps to reduce breakouts.
5. May Protect Against Certain Cancers
Research has shown that long-term use of the combined pill can reduce the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancers. Some studies suggest that this protective effect can last for several years after discontinuing the pill.
Cons of Oral Contraception
1. Risk of Side Effects
While many people tolerate oral contraception well, some may experience side effects. Common side effects of the combined pill include nausea, headaches, breast tenderness, and mood changes. These symptoms usually settle after a few months of use but can be uncomfortable at first.
The progestogen-only pill is less likely to cause certain side effects related to oestrogen, such as headaches, but it may cause irregular periods or spotting.
2. Requires Daily Commitment
For oral contraception to be most effective, it needs to be taken consistently. Missing a pill or taking it at different times can reduce its effectiveness, particularly for the progestogen-only pill, which needs to be taken at the same time each day. This requirement may be challenging for some individuals to maintain.
3. No Protection Against STIs
It’s important to note that oral contraception does not provide any protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). If STI protection is also a concern, additional barrier methods like condoms should be used in conjunction with the pill.
4. Potential Health Risks
For some individuals, particularly those who smoke, are over the age of 35, or have certain medical conditions like high blood pressure or a history of blood clots, the combined pill may not be recommended due to an increased risk of cardiovascular problems. The progestogen-only pill is often a safer alternative for those in higher-risk groups.
Addressing Common Concerns
“Will the pill affect my fertility in the long term?”
A common concern about oral contraception is its impact on long-term fertility. The good news is that there is no evidence to suggest that the pill causes infertility. Once you stop taking the pill, your natural menstrual cycle will typically return within a few months, allowing you to conceive if desired.
“Will I gain weight on the pill?”
Weight gain is often cited as a concern for those considering the pill. However, studies have found no consistent link between oral contraception and significant weight gain. Any weight changes are usually minor and may be related to water retention rather than fat.
“What happens if I forget to take a pill?”
If you forget to take a pill, don’t panic. The next steps depend on how many pills you’ve missed and which type of pill you’re taking. For the combined pill, missing one pill is usually not a problem, and you can take it as soon as you remember. However, missing more than one may reduce effectiveness, and additional contraception may be needed. For the progestogen-only pill, it’s more important to take it on time, as missing a dose by more than three hours can compromise protection.
“Can I take the pill if I’m breastfeeding?”
Yes, you can take the progestogen-only pill if you’re breastfeeding. Unlike the combined pill, which contains oestrogen that can reduce milk supply, the mini-pill is considered safe for use during breastfeeding.
Making the Right Choice
Choosing the right oral contraception depends on various factors, including your health, lifestyle, and personal preferences. At Southdowns Pharmacy, we offer expert advice to help you make the best decision for your contraception needs. Whether you're considering the combined pill or the progestogen-only pill, we’re here to answer your questions, discuss your options, and provide ongoing support.
If you have concerns or need more information about oral contraception, don’t hesitate to contact us at Southdowns Pharmacy. Our knowledgeable team is ready to guide you through your options and ensure you make an informed choice about your reproductive health.
This blog was written on behalf of Southdowns Pharmacy by Pharmacy Mentor.
