Travelling abroad can be an exciting experience, but it is important to consider the potential health risks in your destination. One disease that many travellers overlook is rabies, a deadly viral infection that is spread through the bite or scratch of an infected animal. If you are heading to a country where rabies is a risk, getting a rabies jab before you travel could be an essential step in protecting your health.
At Southdowns Pharmacy, we provide expert advice on travel vaccinations, including the rabies jab, to ensure you are fully prepared for your trip. Below is a country-by-country guide to help you determine whether you need a rabies jab before you travel.
What Is Rabies and Why Is It Dangerous?
Rabies is a viral infection that affects the central nervous system and is almost always fatal once symptoms appear. It is transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal, usually through bites, scratches, or contact with open wounds. The virus spreads to the brain, causing severe neurological symptoms before leading to death.
While rabies is rare in the UK, it is still a significant concern in many parts of the world, particularly in areas where stray dogs, bats, and other wild animals are common. If you are travelling to a high-risk destination, vaccination is the best way to ensure you are protected.
High-Risk Countries for Rabies
The risk of rabies varies by region, with some countries having a much higher prevalence of rabid animals than others. Below is a breakdown of the main regions where rabies is a concern.
Asia
Many countries in Asia have a high risk of rabies, particularly due to large stray dog populations. If you are travelling to any of the following countries, a rabies jab is highly recommended, especially if you plan to stay for an extended period or engage in outdoor activities.
- India – One of the highest rates of rabies in the world.
- Thailand – Stray dogs and monkeys can carry the virus, especially in tourist areas.
- Vietnam – High risk in both rural and urban settings.
- China – Rural areas pose a higher risk.
- Indonesia – Particularly concerning in Bali and other tourist spots.
Africa
Rabies is widespread across much of Africa due to the prevalence of infected dogs and wild animals. Travellers to these regions should strongly consider getting a rabies jab, particularly if working with animals or staying in rural areas.
- South Africa – Cases occur, especially in rural regions.
- Kenya – A high-risk country, particularly outside of major cities.
- Tanzania – Rabies is a known issue, particularly in Zanzibar.
- Nigeria – Many reported cases of rabies from dog bites.
Central and South America
Rabies is present in some areas of Latin America, particularly in rural and jungle regions. Bats are a major carrier of the virus, posing a risk to travellers exploring caves or forests.
- Brazil – Risk exists in remote regions.
- Peru – Bats are a known rabies carrier, especially in the Amazon.
- Bolivia – Stray dogs and bats pose a risk.
- Mexico – Some risk, particularly in less developed areas.
Eastern Europe and the Middle East
Although rabies is less common in Europe and the Middle East, there are still areas where caution is needed.
- Turkey – Rabies is present in some stray animals.
- Russia – Rural regions have occasional outbreaks.
- Iran – Cases occur in dogs and wild animals.
Who Should Get a Rabies Jab Before Travelling?
Not all travellers need a rabies jab, but certain groups are at higher risk and should consider vaccination. You should strongly consider getting vaccinated if:
- You are travelling for an extended period (more than a month) in a high-risk country.
- You plan to work with animals, such as veterinarians, wildlife researchers, or volunteers.
- You will be hiking, camping, or exploring rural areas where medical help may be delayed.
- You are visiting remote regions where accessing post-exposure treatment may be difficult.
How Many Doses Do You Need?
The pre-exposure rabies jab consists of three doses, given over a period of 21 to 28 days. These doses provide protection against rabies before exposure and make post-bite treatment simpler and more effective.
If you have not been vaccinated before travelling and you are bitten by a potentially rabid animal, you will need a full course of post-exposure treatment, which includes multiple injections. In some countries, this treatment may not be readily available, making pre-exposure vaccination a safer choice.
What Should You Do If You Get Bitten or Scratched?
Even if you have received a rabies jab, it is essential to take immediate action if you are bitten or scratched by an animal in a high-risk area.
- Wash the wound immediately with soap and running water for at least 15 minutes.
- Apply an antiseptic, such as iodine or alcohol, to the affected area.
- Seek medical attention as soon as possible, even if you have been vaccinated.
If you have not been vaccinated, post-exposure treatment must be given immediately to prevent the virus from spreading.
Peace of Mind and Prevention
Rabies is a serious but preventable disease, and ensuring you have the right protection before travelling is essential. If you are visiting a high-risk country, a rabies jab can provide peace of mind and reduce the need for complex post-exposure treatment.
At Southdowns Pharmacy, we offer rabies vaccinations at our Emsworth and Havant branches to help you stay safe on your travels. Book an appointment with us today and travel with confidence, knowing you are protected:
Alternatively, reach out to us today to find out how our team can support your holiday health.
This blog was written on behalf of Southdowns Pharmacy by Pharmacy Mentor.
